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- B. Tendrils present
- C.Leaves scabrous (like sandpaper), often unlobed among the flowers/fruits. Cayaponia racemosa
- CC. Leaves relatively soft, uniformly palmately lobed ...................................... Melothria pendula
- BB. Tendrils absent, plants climbing by twining
- D. Flower clusters exposed, not enclosed by paired bracts; flowers large, more than 1.5 cm in diam.
- E. Stamens exserted (extending beyond the corolla tube); corolla red .................................................................................................. Ipomoea hederifolia
- EE. Stamens included within the corolla tube
- F. Corolla white ................................................................. Ipomoea alba
- FF. Corolla blue .............................................................. Ipomoea indica
- DD. Flower clusters enclosed by a pair of 3-lobed bracts; flowers small, less than 1 cm in diam. ............................................................................................................ Dalechampia scandens
- G. Inflorescence elongate, spikes or racemes
- H. Leaf margins entire
- I. Flowers obscure, embedded surface of spike, less than 4 mm diam .................................................................................................... Piper psilorachis
- II. Fowers attached above surface of spike, more than 8 mm diam .................................................................................................. Achyranthes aspera
- HH. Leaf margins toothed
- J. Bracts of terminal spike soft-hairy, appearing fuzzy ................... Acalypha alopecuroides
- JJ. Bracts of terminal spike not hairy ............................................ Acalypha setosa
- GG. Inflorescence solitary and axillary, or clustered in various ways, but never particularly elongate
- K. Flowers and fruits minute (less than 5 mm) AND densely crowded in tightly congested clusters
- L. Cyathia present (small, cup-like structures bearing at least one gland at the rim, enclosing several to 1-stamen staminate flowers and one central pistillate flower or fruit); plants with copious milky latex
- M. Bracteal leaves below cyathia with prominent basal red patch ......................................................................... Euphorbia cyathophora
- MM.Bracteal leaves below cyathia green or whitish, never red .......................................................................... Euphorbia heterophylla
- LL.Cyathia absent
- N. Stems creeping; individual flowers inconspicuous, sunken in a convoluted, obscurely 4-angled receptacle, not associated with obvious bracts ................................................................... Dorstenia contrajerva
- NN. Stems erect; individual flowers visible, in bracteate clusters
- O. Inflorescence soft, fuzzy, with prominent bristle-like sepals; bracts forming an involucre below each flower cluster (head) .......................................................... Pluchea symphytifolia
- OO. Inflorescence dry, scarious, with chaffy bracts intermixed with the flowers ..................................... Alternanthera sp.
- KK. Flowers and fruits greater than 8 mm in diam, well separated
- P. Stems and leaves with prickles; petals fused .................... Solanum hirtum
- PP. Stems and leaves smooth, without prickles; petals separate
- Q. Petals yellow
- R. Flowers on slender pedicels; plants not fleshy .. Gaya calyptrata
- RR. Flowers sessile; plants fleshy ..................... Portulaca oleracea
- QQ. Petals white ..................................................... Talinum triangulare